Using high-frequency datasets, we examine price discovery and its determinants for
equivalent instruments across futures markets, electronically traded exchange-traded funds (ETFs), …

This article analyses bid–ask spreads in US electronic futures markets around the recent
financial crisis. We decompose the bid–ask spread into three components – order processing, …

Prior finance literature lacks a comprehensive analysis of microstructure characteristics of
US futures markets due to the lack of data availability. Utilizing a unique data set for five …

We analyze the behavior of both the bid-ask spread and the depth of ETF options during the
May 6th, 2010 Flash Crash. During the Flash Crash stub quotes (maximum quote size …

Governance characteristics are potentially a proxy for information asymmetry that may be
better captured by the market liquidity of a company’s shares. Although liquidity has been …

In this paper, we argue that better corporate governance may reduce information asymmetries
among investors. We find that corporate governance affects asset pricing and returns …

Background Diabetic neuropathy is one of the most common causes of neuropathic pain.
LANSS, sLANSS, DN4 and painDETECT are scales which are commonly used worldwide. …

Current evidence suggests that endogenous dopamine may act as a neurotoxin following
its oxidation to an oquinone and reaction with cellular thiols, which are neutoxic, which may …

Background Acne vulgaris is a very common skin disorder that has negative effects on the
mood, self image and social relations of the patients. We want to evaluate the effects of acne …